Literature

John Steinbeck stands out in American literature as a powerful author who treats the themes of “land, poverty, and the inner conflicts of man.” His works present individual dramas as fractal repetitions of the social structure: small family conflicts are miniature motifs of the larger social order.

Reading Leo Tolstoy’s literature through fractal analysis shows that the motifs of individual conscience, family, society, and history in his works expand as repeating patterns. Tolstoy’s texts exhibit a fractal expansion from small-scale moral questionings to large-scale historical and cosmic orders.